Mereology 1. 'part' and Parthood 2. Basic Principles 2.1. Parthood as a Partial Ordering 2.2. Other Mereological Concepts 3. Supplementation Principles 3.1. Parts and Remainders 3.2. Identity and Extensionality 4. Closure Principles 4.1. Finitary Operations 4.2. Unrestricted Fusions
نویسنده
چکیده
1. ‘Part’ and Parthood 2. Basic Principles 2.1. Parthood as a Partial Ordering 2.2. Other Mereological Concepts 3. Supplementation Principles 3.1. Parts and Remainders 3.2. Identity and Extensionality 4. Closure Principles 4.1. Finitary Operations 4.2. Unrestricted Fusions 4.3. Composition, Existence, and Identity 5. Atomismistic and Atomless Mereologies Bibliography Historical Surveys Monographs Cited Works Related Entries
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The Extensionality of Parthood and Composition
I focus on three mereological principles: the Extensionality of Parthood (EP), the Uniqueness of Composition (UC), and the Extensionality of Composition (EC). These principles are not equivalent. Nonetheless, they are closely related (and often equated) as they all reflect the basic nominalistic dictum, no difference without a difference maker. And each one of them—individually or collectively—...
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Mereology is a theory based on a binary predicate “being a part of.” Most philosophers believe that such a predicate must at least define a partial ordering: that is, it is reflexive (P1), antisymmetric (P2) and transitive (P3). In other words, three basic principles of mereology can thus be fixed. The theory axiomatized by these three basic principles is called ground mereology (GM). There are...
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We propose a taxonomy of mereological relations between dispositions, as well as a series of axioms relating the bearers, triggers or realizations of disposition-complexes and disposition-parts. We apply them on a use case to show how basic dispositions can be combined to express elaborate dispositions. We consider whether those relations of partial ordering satisfy axioms of composition and de...
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We present a new axiomatization of classical mereology in which the three components of the theory—ordering, composition, and decomposition principles—are neatly separated.The equivalence of our axiom systemwith other, more familiar systems is established by purely deductivemethods, along with additional results on the relative strengths of the composition and decomposition axioms of each theor...
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When describing a mereological relationship, the use of the word “part” to whole hides the intended semantics of the parthood relations. Existing studies in mereology usually present part of as a general top level mereology relation, and all other mereological relations are sub-relations under it. We present an alternative approach of mereological pluralism, in which each mereological relation ...
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